Piston-cooling means for internal-combustion engines.



H. LEIVIP.

PISTON COOLING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED JUNE IB. I9l4.

'Y. Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

Witnesses: Inventor:

H. LEMP.

PISTON COOLING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18. 1914.

(av P 0% m n 6 v o N w. TM t l O 0 1 0 9 7 7 t u I a H N-rl I 5. 0o b i; ra rnnr ora ion.

HERMATNN LEMP, 0F ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL ELECTRIC I COMPANY, A 'CQIRPOBATION OF NEW YORK.

I PISTON-COOLING MEANS FOR INTERNAL-GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed June 18, 1914. SerialNo. 845,935.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN' LEMP, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, county of Erie, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in. Piston-Cooling Means for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to piston cooling means for internal combustion en- 'I'IIIGS. a b In connection with internal combustion engines, particularly those operating with crude oil on thehigh compression cycle, it is necessary on the larger engines to provide a cooling means for the piston heads, and to this end it is customary to provide the piston with a hollow head through which a suitable cooling medium is forced. In order to obtain eflicient cool-ing it is necessary that the cooling medium be circulated under considerable pressure. Th pipes carrying the cooling medium must be jointed or telescoped or both so as to move with the pistons and there is usually more or less leakage around these joints. Where this leak age is to the crank case it is very objectionable, particularly if water is being used as the cooling medium, as it forms a frothy mixture with the oil and greatly impairs its lubricating qualities.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved arrangement wherein no leakage ofthe cooling medium into the crank case can occur.

'For a consideration of whlat I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the following description and the claims appended thereto.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view through an internal combustion engine, the upper portion being broken away; Fig. 2 is a detail view taken at right angles to Fig. 1 and showing the arrangement of certain of the cooling pipes; Fig. 3 is a detail plan view ofcertain of the cooling pipes; Fig. 4 is a section on'line 4-4, Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a section through one of the oscillatory pipe joints;'Fig. 6 is an enlarged view showing the arrangement of the telescoping pipes; Fig. 7 is a section through the engine cylinder takenon line 7-7, Fig. 1, and Fig. 8is a detached sectional view of the piston head.

Referring to the drawings, 10 indicates Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. is, I915.

the base of the engine and 11 a partition which divides the space within the base into two chambers, that above the partition being the crank chamber and containing lubrieating oil, and that below forming a housing for certain parts, as will be explained hereinafter.

12 is one of a number of engine cylinders carried by the frame 13 mounted on the base 10, and moving in each cylinder are two oppositely moving pistons 14 and 15.

16 is a connecting rod connecting the piston. 14 to its crank 17, and 18 are the scavenging ports which are covered and uncovered by this piston. As the cranks revolve they dip into the lubricating oil and splash it over certain of the bearing surfaces.

19 is a suitable fuel injector controlled through the lever 20 by the cam 21 carried on cam shaft 22, and 23 is a suitable air starting valve controlling the passage of air through theair starting conduit 24. The

details of the fuel injector and the air starting valves are not shown as they form no part of the present invention.

In the present instance a two-cycle engine of thehigh compression type provided with oppositely moving pistons is illustrated and my invention has particularly to do with'the cooling of the lower piston 14. It will be understood, however, that. my invention is not necessarily limited to this specific type of engine. The piston 14 has a detachable hollow'head 25 within which is located a fluid discharging device which may take the form of a nozzle 26, and situated in line with the nozzle is a conical projection 27 formed on the lower face "of the upper wall of the piston head. This nozzle is for the admission of the cooling medium and for this purpose communicates by passage 28 with the pipe 28. The cooling medium is conveyed from the piston head by the short pipe 29' which connects by way of passage 30 with the pipe 31, Fig. 8. The lower ends of the pipes 28 and 31 are connected at 32 and 33 to a frame comprising two hollow arms 34 and 35 joined'by the cross pieces 36. Thedetails of one of these connections is shown in Fig. 4. The end of each pipe is threaded and is passed entirely through the arm, the openings 37 through which the' pipe passes being surrounded by flanges 38 and cooperating therewith are suitable stuffing boxes 39 to provide tight joints. The

form annular passages 69 for lugs 41 and -3 with relation to each other is.

best shown in Fig. 7.

1n the partition 11 are two openings it 'into which are threaded the bushings l5.

Supported by these bushings are the sleeves or pipes i8 and i9 which telescope with the sleeves or pipes and 51 carried by the arms 34: and of the frame. The sleeves of each pair are sligh ly spaced apart to avoid friction, and in order to provide a tight fit between them suitable washers 52, Fig. 6, formed of leather or other material is fastened to the end of the inner sleeve with its outer edge in rubbing engagement with the inner surface of the outer sleeve. Extending down through the telescoping sleeves and through the bushings 45 to a point below the partition 11 are the pipes 53 and 5% connected at their upper ends with the arms 3% and 35. A. section through one of these connections is shown at 55, Fig. l, and is similar to the connections as already described at 38'and 39. It will be understood that any suitable form of liquid tight connection may be used. The lower ends of the pipes 5-3 and rigidly iixed with relation to each other by the tie'rod 56, Fig. 2, and are joined to one end of the pipes 55'? and 58 by the oscillatory joints 59'. The other ends of the pipes 57 and 58 are jointed to one end of the hollow links (30 and 61 which have their other ends jointed to n'xed hollow members 62 and 63. The members 62 and 63 are connected with the supply and discharge pipes 6t and 65.

The oscillatory joints between the respective members are all similar, 5 showing as an example ,a section through one of them, and comprise two rounded heads 66 and 67 having fiat faces which it against each other and are held in place by a screw bolt 68. The faces are each cut away to the cooling fluid and communicating with these passages are inlet and outlet openings 70. A suitable washer 71 is arranged between the twofaces to form a tight connection.

In operation the cooling fluid is forced by a suitable pump through the pipe 64, hollow linlr d0, pipes 5'2 and 53, arm 34, and pipe 28 to the passage 28 and nozzle 26. This nozzle directs the fluid against the projection 2'2 which. cooperates therewith to distribute the fluid over the surface of the piston head. From the chamber 25 the fluid discharges through the pipe 29,, Fig. 8, passage 30, pipe 3]., arm 35, pipe 51, pipe 58, hollow link 61, and pipe (35.

By the above arrangement all the joints where leakage is likely to occur are located in a chamber distinct from thecrank chamher; is, these joints are all located beneath the partition 11 which forms the bottom of the crank case, and leakage of the cooling fluid to the crank case is thus avoided.

l have shown my improved cooling means in connection with a type of engine having oppositely moving pistons in each cylinder but it is not limited thereto unless so stated in the claims.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes I have described the principle of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention. can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a base, a wall dividing the base into two chambers a cylinder mounted on the base, a piston therein having, a hollow head, a crank shaft located in the upper chamber, a connecting rod connecting the piston to the crank shaft, pipes connected to the piston and communicating with the hollow head which move therewith, said pipes entending through the dividing wall, fixed pipes having their ends located below said wall,and means connecting the ends of thc fixed pipes to the first named pipes, which permits of movement of the pipes relative to each other.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination. of a base. wall dividing the base into two chambers. a, cylinder mounted on the base, a piston therein having a hollow head, a crank shaft located in the upper chamber, a connecting rod connecting the piston to the crank shaft, pipes connected to the piston and communicating with the hollow head which move therewith, said pipes extending through the dividing wall, fixed pipes having their ends located below said wall, and pipes connecting the ends of the fixed pip-es to the first named pipes, -said connections being through oscillatory jOintS.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a base, a crank case therein, a working cylinder carried by the base. a piston therein having a cooling chamber in its head, and pipes connected to the piston for conveying cooling fluid to and from the chamber, said pipes having joints located outside the crank case for permitting of the movements of the piston.

moons? I 4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a base, a partition wall dividing the base into two chambers, a cylinder mounted on the base, a pistontherein having a hollow head, a crank shaft located in the upper chamber, a connecting rod connecting the piston to the crank shaft, telescoping pipes connected to the partition and to the piston, pipes extending down through the same, said pipes having one end in communication with the chamber and the other ends terminating at a point below the partition, fixed pipes, and means including oscillatory joints connecting the fixed pipes to the last named pipe ends.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a base, a chamber therein containing lubricating oil into which the crank dips as it revolves, a second chamber therein separate from the oil chamber, a working cylinder carried by the base, a piston having a cooling chamber mounted to move in the cylinder and connected to. the cranl shaft, conduits which communicate with the piston cooling chamber and pass through the lubricant containing chamber into the second chamber, means in said sec- 0nd chamber associated with the conduits permitting one part to move with respect to the other and retain the cooling fluid, and

means conveying a cooling fluid to and from said conduits.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this fifteenth day of June, 1914. HERMANN LEMP. Witnesses:

OTTO F. PERssoN, O. F. FoUoHE. 

